Systèmes d'exploitation et cloud
325 documents à télécharger gratuitement
Cours, examens, TD, TP et exercices de systèmes d'exploitation et cloud. Thèmes couverts : Linux, Unix, Windows Server, Docker, Kubernetes, virtualisation.
This document is a comprehensive guide on GNU and Unix commands used in Linux operating system management. It covers shell commands, text stream processing with filters, and basic file management commands like `ls`, `rm`, and `mkdir`. It also details the use of pipes, redirections, and process management commands such as `ps`, `top`, and `kill`. The document includes practical examples of commands for tasks like text manipulation, file system navigation, and process control to aid candidates with proficient command line operation skills.
This document provides detailed guidelines on Linux system installation and package management. It covers disk partitioning schemes optimized for various hardware types, configurations for shared libraries including static and dynamic linking, and package management using Debian-based tools (e.g., dpkg and apt-get) and RPM/YUM-based utilities. Practical examples of configuration files and commands are shared to ensure competency in system setup and maintenance.
This document provides a comprehensive syllabus for learning Linux system architecture, focusing on hardware configuration, system boot processes, and execution level management. It explains methodologies for configuring hardware (e.g., accessing device files and using utilities like lspci and lsusb), understanding the system boot process including BIOS and bootloader mechanisms, and altering runlevels using init scripts. The associated tools and processes to manage kernel messages, file systems, and system services are detailed, enabling mastery over foundational Linux system administratio...
This document outlines the methodology to implement disk quotas on a file system for user management. It describes setting up a file block, formatting it, and mounting it with quota options. Steps to initialize and manage quota databases are detailed, including checking, enabling/disabling quotas, editing values, copying configurations, and setting grace periods. Additionally, user verification and administrative reporting of quotas are addressed.
This document provides a comprehensive guide to package management in Linux systems, focusing on both Debian and RedHat-based distributions. It covers manual management of packages, including installation, update, and removal processes, as well as obtaining detailed package information like dependencies and integrity verification. Additionally, it addresses managing packages from repositories and includes specific examples for PostgreSQL server installation. Commands and methodologies for both dpkg/apt and rpm/yum systems are thoroughly discussed.
This document provides a hands-on workshop for managing peripherals and hardware under Linux. It guides users through listing devices in `/dev`, analyzing graphical card configurations through PCI bus tools, and retrieving processor details regarding cores and hyper-threading. Additionally, it offers steps to inspect USB devices using `lsusb` while utilizing specific options like `-d` and `-v`.
This document provides a hands-on guide to task scheduling in Linux using the atd and cron services. It details how to verify the status of these services, schedule tasks to run at specific times, and manage permissions for both services. Key operations such as listing, editing, and deleting scheduled tasks are demonstrated, emphasizing the security measures for restricting access to certain users. Practical command examples are provided throughout to ensure clarity and usability.
This document serves as a comprehensive guide for verifying and maintaining the integrity of software packages on Linux systems. It focuses on the use of key commands and configurations, such as rpm and yum, for auditing installed packages and ensuring their authenticity. Practical tasks include checking public keys, verifying package signatures, and ensuring the integrity of installed files through various rpm-based mechanisms. Detailed explanations are provided on interpreting verification results, which utilize specific character codes for pinpointing discrepancies.
This document explains key Linux process management techniques. It outlines commands like 'ps' for listing processes, 'kill' and 'kill -l' for managing and signaling processes, and 'nice' and 'renice' for adjusting process priorities. The functionality of 'top' is also described for real-time process monitoring. Detailed command examples are provided for practical understanding.
This document provides step-by-step instructions to perform file system operations on a secondary disk using Linux commands. It covers partition creation, file system formatting, integrity checks, mounting, and automatic configuration through the fstab file. The tasks aim to teach how to manage storage structures and monitor disk properties effectively.
The document provides a comprehensive overview of the steps involved in the Linux boot process, starting from the BIOS and POST tests to the loading of the operating system. It explains the functionalities of bootloaders like GRUB and LILO, including the sequence of stages in the Master Boot Record (MBR) and kernel loading. Core kernel functionalities such as the initramfs temporary filesystem, module loading, and essential pseudo-filesystems are discussed. Additionally, the document outlines the structure, functionality, and management of system logs, emphasizing their importance for serve...
This document details the management of system runlevels in Linux, introducing concepts like the kernel's initialization process, the role of the '/sbin/init' program, and the use of '/etc/inittab' for configuration. It categorizes different runlevels, their purposes, and commands for transitioning between them using tools such as 'telinit' and 'chkconfig'. Furthermore, it explains the initialization of services, management with chkconfig, and the usage of shutdown and reboot commands for proper system management.
This document serves as preparatory material for the LPI Exam 101, focusing on Linux system administration. Key topics include configuring hardware devices, understanding system resources like IRQs, IO addresses, DMA channels, and mastering tools such as `udev`, `sysfs`, and `procfs` for hardware management. It also elaborates on cold plug and hot plug devices and the associated utilities like `dmidecode`, `lshw`, and `hwinfo`. Additionally, it describes hardware abstraction and communication via HAL and DBUS, along with more advanced standards like CIM, WBEM, and DASH for system management.
This document provides practical exercises for managing Linux processes and files. It explores process control (launching, pausing, and killing), resource monitoring (CPU and memory usage), and file operations like creating, sorting, and finding specific content under directories. Command-line tools such as `ps`, `top`, `killall`, `cat`, and `xargs` are used to achieve these tasks while managing outputs and errors effectively. The exercises emphasize hands-on experience to deepen understanding of Linux system administration concepts.
This document provides step-by-step exercises focused on Linux command line operations and Bash scripting techniques. Exercises include manipulating shell prompts, handling text files, using internal and external Bash commands, and exploring environment variables. The methodology involves direct command execution, analysis of outputs, and incremental script modifications for practical learning outcomes. Additionally, the document contains multiple-choice questions that test theoretical knowledge tied to command functionality and Linux system tools.
This document provides an in-depth exploration of bash command operators, their execution behaviors, as well as environment variables and their treatments in various quoting forms. It includes practical exercises on creating and executing bash scripts, analyzing variables like $0 and $PATH, and examining the behavior of specific commands. A multiple-choice section further reinforces key bash topics, covering error handling, variable outputs, command usages, and piping capabilities.
This document outlines the step-by-step instructions for installing Xubuntu alongside Windows, configuring a dual-boot system with GRUB2, and installing CentOS using VirtualBox. It details disk partitioning procedures, user creation, and GRUB customization for boot preference. Additionally, the report includes exercises on listing and analyzing hardware peripherals such as storage devices, graphics cards, processors, and USB devices using system tools like lspci and lsusb.
This document serves as a detailed guide for Linux Professional Institute (LPI) Exam 101, focusing specifically on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) and command-line utilities for file management and navigation. It explains the structure and purpose of Linux directories, including static and variable files, and introduces critical commands like `find`, `locate`, and `updatedb` for efficient file location and management. Key concepts include how to create efficient searches based on permissions, sizes, ownership, or types, with practical examples provided. The material emphasizes a sys...
This document offers detailed guidance on understanding the Linux filesystem hierarchy, including hard links and symbolic links. It elaborates on Unix object manipulation, inode metadata handling, file path structures, and practical uses of both link types. Practical examples and commands, such as 'ln', 'rm', and 'ls', are provided to solidify theoretical concepts. The document highlights the Unix philosophy that 'everything is a file' and provides essential tips for LPI exam readiness related to link command usage and quota management.
This document systematically covers Linux file and directory permissions, including specialized access management techniques like SUID, SGID, and sticky bits. It explains commands like chmod, umask, chown, and chgrp for controlling file and directory access. Key methodologies include managing user and group permissions, addressing default file permission settings, and employing ACLs for collaborative environments. The guide emphasizes detailed command-line examples for practical application of advanced permission concepts.
This document outlines key concepts for managing filesystems on Linux operating systems, as part of the LPI (Linux Professional Institute) certification preparation. Covered topics include manually mounting and unmounting filesystems, configuring boot-time mount processes using 'fstab,' and utilizing mounting options and commands like 'mount,' 'umount,' 'fuser,' and 'lsof.' The document also explores various filesystem types, options, and troubleshooting techniques for identifying occupied devices, handling removable media, and ensuring system consistency.
This document is a comprehensive guide for the 'Préparation LPI' exam focusing on the Vi/Vim text editor. It covers Vi's three operational modes: Command, Insert, and Ex mode, explaining their functionalities and common navigation commands. It includes instructions on text manipulation, line navigation, file management, and substitution commands, alongside tips for recovering from crashes and using Vim's additional tutorial tool. The material is structured for quick understanding and practice, identifying key LPI-specific utilities.
This document explains the management and modification of process priorities in Linux. It covers commands like 'nice' and 'renice', enabling users or root to set or adjust process priority levels. It highlights default priority ranges from -20 to 19, with root having exclusive permissions for negative priorities. Practical examples and usage scenarios for managing command-line program execution priorities are also provided.
This document provides a comprehensive guide to managing processes in Linux. It covers concepts such as running tasks in the foreground and background, using control commands like `fg`, `bg`, `kill`, and `nohup`, and monitoring processes with tools like `ps`, `top`, `pstree`, and `uptime`. The document emphasizes practical usage, including switching task states, sending signals to processes, and exploring process trees. Critical commands are explained with options, signals, and examples, aiding mastery for Linux certification exams.